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Papua | Papua |
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Papua is the largest province of Indonesia,
comprising a majority part of the western half of the island of New
Guinea and nearby islands. The province originally covered the
entire western half of New Guinea, but in 2003, the western portion of
the province, on the Bird's Head Peninsula, was declared by the
Indonesian Government as a separate province named West Papua. The
legality of this separation has been disputed as it appears to conflict
with the conditions of the Special Autonomy status awarded to Papua in
the year 2000. The status of West Irian Jaya province is not yet
resolved as of early 2006.The name "West Papua" was adopted in 1961 by the New Guinea Council until the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA) transfer administration to the Republic of Indonesia in 1963. "West Papua" has since been used among Papuan separatists and usually refers to the whole of the Indonesian portion of New Guinea. The other Indonesian province that shares New Guinea, West Irian Jaya, has been officially renamed as "West Papua". Papua Geography
A central east-west mountain range dominates the geography of New
Guinea, over 1600 km in total length. The western section is around 600
km long and 100 km across. The province contains the highest mountains
between the Himalayas and the Andes, rising up to 4884 m high, and
ensuring a steady supply of rain from the tropical atmosphere. The tree
line is around 4000 m elevation and the tallest peaks contain permanent
equatorial glaciers, increasingly melting due to a changing climate.
Various other smaller mountain ranges occur both north and west of the
central ranges. Except in high elevations, most areas possess a warm
humid climate throughout the year, with some seasonal variation
associated with the northeast monsoon season.
The third major habitat feature are the vast southern and northern lowlands. Stretching for hundreds of kilometers, these include lowland rainforests, extensive wetlands, savanna grasslands, and some of the largest expanses of mangrove forest in the world. The southern lowlands are the site of Lorentz National Park, also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Mamberamo river, sometimes referred to as the "Amazon of Papua" is the province's largest river which winds through the northern part of the province. The result is a large area of lakes and rivers known as the Lakes Plains region. The famous Baliem Valley, home of the Dani people is a tableland 1600 m above sea level in the midst of the central mountain range; Puncak Jaya, sometimes known by its former Dutch name Carstensz Pyramid, is a mist covered limestone mountain peak 4884 m above sea level. Papua Hotel
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